Nothing is really truly automatic with the human body. Some things are preinstalled, but can be edited later.
***dvcochran - Some things are voluntary and some are involuntary. This link does an excellent job of explaining the differences:
Medical Encyclopedia - Function: Voluntary and Involuntary Responses - Aviva
In short, the body is a system and without many of the involuntary functions it would simply die. Hard coded and cannot be changed without adverse results. So in the realm of "automatic"these unattended functions
are automatic.
Breathing and heartbeat - every breath and every beat rely on being told to happen, but you can override these 'automatic' functions. You can hold your breath and some people have a variable capacity to intentionally alter their cardiac rhythm.
***dvcochran - Heartbeat is an involuntary function. The brain is not telling the heart to beat in resident memory. It is hard coded and takes no thought. It is impossible to tell my heart to stop beating. Breath is involuntary resident memory. The function can be altered by internal and external influences. I start running, my breathing quickens. I didn't have to tell my lungs to speed up. I fall asleep, my breathing slows and becomes deeper. I go under water and I have to consciously tell my body to hold the last breath. In the extreme, someone (not me) could hold their breath until they pass out at which point the programming of the brain based on the various inputs from the body screaming for oxygen will take over and you will start breathing. Automatic.
Flinch response to pain - someone touches you with something hot and you flinch to pull away. I can override that (to a certain extent) because if when welding I get a bit of spatter fall on my arm I can essentially ignore it.
***dvcochran - The flinch is involuntary and part of the natural resident programming however, you are correct that we can choose to ignore the signal or logic that is signaling the resident response. But the conditions are different. There are more variables involved when choosing to ignore something hot. But the brains first response is always the same.
Everything else is a calculated response.
***dvcochran - Everything voluntary is a calculated response. Everything involuntary is a conditioned response.
A fist is heading toward your face so your brain looks at the variables it knows, chooses a course of action and executes the programme.
The preinstalled variables are move or cover/block.
A lot of people will freeze initially while their brain is running simulations and get punched.
With training, the amount of simulation variables is reduced (because you know what's happening) so the response time is decreased. It's not that any response has become automatic, it's that your brain has been reprogrammed to be more efficient.
That's what training achieves - not automation but reduction of listed possibilities. It's quicker to choose between 2 options than between 20. It becomes so fast that it appears automatic (your conscious thought process is overridden by your restricted variable difference engine so you don't notice).
***dvcochran - I cannot agree with the premise of simulations. Training creates conditioned responses to various external signals or events. It places these responses into permanent memory to be used when to same external signal or event occurs. The mind will still be a running million calculations and process as usual when the event occurs but now it has a "pre-programmed" output to call and respond to the event. That is automation. I want to have the 20 options but I want my brain to learn where/when/how to best respond automatically to said input.
The time it appears most like being automatic is when you drill a specific scenario over and over - say a straight punch. You've set your programme to have a choice of 1 response. It's instant.
Then someone throws a hook - you get punched... Your brain either recognises a punch and initiates the response it knows (which may not work) or it doesn't recognise a hook as being a punch so it resets to default and starts running scenarios and you freeze.
The saying something like "fear not the man who has practiced 1000 attacks once, but the man who has practiced one attack 1000 times" falls down with this.
***dvcochran - If you have trained enough to have conditioned responses for both a straight punch and a hook then you have an engrained reaction for either condition. Automatic. The tons of additional variables in the scenario greatly determine how effective the action and result.
Your brain is quite clever, it won't take long to adjust to the new variable.
If someone relies on one thing to the exclusion of all else, they become easy to overcome as soon as their pattern is recognized.
Back to the OP topic, that's why I don't think they are 3 separate kicks.
If you learn the basic movement first, then you can develop that with speed for sparring/fighting.
***dvcochran - True statement. Everything you said after it has to go before in the pretext of learning a technique correctly. Mechanics should always come first. I hate seeing an instructor telling a new student to kick, kick, kick, and never giving instruction on how to kick. Back to the OP; we should learn a front kick in it's entirety. How we choose to use the kick is different. As others have said, based on external circumstances. I may adjust the kick to fit the need. Still the same kick but I have, usually over time & training, learned how/when/where/why to use it in a different manner.
The brain is the most incredible logic engine, seemingly capable of accepting infinite inputs. How well we choose to understand and define each input is paramount to how efficient and effective the brain can use them. The more inputs we can give the brain to create a conditioned response with, the better and more defined and effective it will be. Think of jumping to subroutines in a program. Through conditioning and learned responses the jump can be made quicker by changing the priority of the jump.
Kata/pattern and/or demonstration are the secondary applications, and they give time to concentrate on the mechanics of the movement.
Using all of the applications in tandem helps all the areas - better understanding of how it really works so more realistic demonstration, and making it pretty for demo improves the form in 'fight mode'.