No I'm not 'demonising the enemy', do you know who the enemy is in Afghanistan? Afghanistan is a very different country from America and the UK, these two countries are surprising different from each other. The culture you see in Afghanistan today isn't Afghan culture it's Taliban..the ultra extremist Muslimist movement's culture. Afghanistan before the Taliban was a very different place, when the Taliban forcefully ousted the government there they turned it into a dark place in the way that Pol Pot did in Cambodia. In the UK we have many refugees from Afghanistan, intellectuals and medical staff of both sexes, free thinkers who are devout Muslims but without the bigotry. In the Afghanistan before the taliban girls went to school, university, medical schools etc they became teachers, doctors, nurses and anything else they wanted to be. Men were free to be bearded or not, the arts were encouraged as well as the media. The USA is responsible for the Taliban I'm afraid, in it's normal course of disliking any country or government that seems to be socialist or communist Carter funded the Taliban, this was continued by Reagan. You reap what you sow. The Afghan culture was destroyed by the Taliban who were funded by American governments. What is going on there is the direct result of Jimmy Carter and his successors efforts to halt world socialism. Socialism which was actually chosen by the Afghans would have been preferable to what they have now. Decry socialism and communism as much as you like for Afghan women the time under them was the best.
By the late 1950's, women's participation in the economy was seen to be essential for Afghanistan's development. The royal family and government were seen with their wives and daughters unveiled in public. Once again, women could choose whether or not to wear the veil, and were encouraged to work outside the home. In the l960's, a socialist reform began, along with further dependency upon the Soviet Union. Many Afghan's studied in the Soviet Union, and a left-wing modernizing elite formed. In l964, women were given the right to vote and to enter government.
In the 1970's, many women began to attire themselves in Western clothing. Women were being educated in universities and working as representatives in government. In 1973, the monarchy was overthrown by Muhammad Daud who declared himself president. He was overthrown, in 1978, by leftist military officers. The new president was Noor Muhammad Taraki, and his lieutenant Hafizullah Amin became Prime Minister.
A revolutionary program that included land reform and the emancipation of women began. These reforms were intolerable for traditionalists and armed revolt was instigated by the mullahs and tribal leaders. In l979, Prime Minister Amin created a reign of terror by arresting and killing opponents and took over rule of Afghanistan while Tarik was off in Moscow, only to return to be executed by Amin. The rebels controlled most of rural Afghanistan by the summer of '79, and Amin refused to abide Soviet directives to moderate his policies. The Soviet Union invaded on December 25, 1979.
The next decade was fraught with violence and destruction, but it was during this time that women's rights reached their pinnacle in Afghanistan's history: 50% of teachers, government employees and students were women, and 40% of doctors were women. When the Soviet Union left in 1989, the nation fell into chaos, and women's rights quickly eroded. By 1992, the beginning of civil war, women were precluded from public service, and by 1994 women were only seen in public in the burqa.