Pertaining to women's self-defense, here is a short general outline of what I think are the general elements:
DEFENSE: A woman (or small man) to be caught in a bigger and stronger opponent's arms is the LAST thing they would want to do IMO, unless they are expert at judo or other grappling art. I would go so far as to say that their major strategy should be built around this idea. Normally, one wants to avoid the opponent's advantages.
OFFENSE: A weaker defender should seek out the most sensitive targets: Eyes, nose, throat, fingers, groin and side of knee. Scratching and biting are good too. TKD type kicks can be strong attacks while staying out of the opponent's grappling range.
TACTICS: As most male attackers view a female as little threat, they will be apt to close using less caution and not in a guarded posture. Accordingly, they can be enticed to get in range of strikes as listed above and not have defense in mind. At this point, the defender should launch a sudden and furious attack, continuing until they have a good opportunity to escape, or if not possible, until the attacker is effectively removed as a threat.
TRAINING, Mental: This is probably the most difficult part for most females - overcoming their natural aversion to physical violence and lack of confidence. All training should be done with ferocity and incremental difficulty to build confidence in the result.
TRAINING, Physical: Heavy bag to practice knees, palm heels (I favor these over punches as females have a more delicate bone structure and it lessens the weak wrist joint as a factor) kicks and elbows. Softer targets to practice finger thrusts to eyes and throat. Concentration on power delivery. Partner drills with a well-padded (including face mask) attacker allowing realistic scenarios with gradual increasing resistance.
INSTRUCTOR: Aside from teaching technique execution, the teacher must keep the lesson rather intense, physically and mentally. Their other main job is to make sure the partners are not giving up or taking a dive too easily beyond the first few lessons.