Excuse me for saying it, but you don't really seem to have much in the way of facts to back up your hypotheses.
Well then, let me jump in with a few random observations that are similarly without any statistical backing. I'm not sure what role the size of the community would play here, except that it's a good deal
easier to remain anonymous in a large city. So in a small town you are not so likely to get away with beating women without everybody knowing.
Still that's no guarantee that people will do anything. When I was a teen a learned about a guy named "Dub" who lived near Hackberry, AZ, a dwindling "wide-spot-in-the-road" on old route 66 southeast of Kingman. Word was that he was real mean especially when drunk, and he beat his wife hard and often. One day somebody came across her week-old rotting corpse in Dub's back yard ...apparently beat to death, but the coroner wasn't sure. There was a brief investigation then the case was closed. Insufficient evidence to charge anybody I guess. And of course most everybody around there was related to Dub. Besides, like folks said, the woman "was just an Indian".
Sometimes interference doesn't do much good anyway. One time my brother was playing pool at the Hackberry gas station and store when Dub drove up in his beat up pick-up, drunk, with his blue-tick hound still tied to the trailer hitch. He'd unknowingly dragged the poor animal nearly a mile up the gravel road. The guy that ran the store lit into Dub, telling him what a freakin' idiot he was to treat a dog like that. Dub was embarrassed and got so mad that he yelled that
it was his own damned dog and he could do with it whatever the hell he wanted. Then he took off down Route 66 at about 70 miles an hour ...with the dog still dragging behind. Nobody was willing to go after him. As my brother put it, "What was I supposed to do going to do, chase down a armed and violent drunk who had already gotten away with murder, and all over a dog that was probably dead already?"
PG, stuff like this happens in
Texas too. Dub's family originally came from the Texas panhandle if I'm not mistaken. Or were they Okies? I'm not sure. Anyway my dad's family all comes from Texas. My mom is a Yankee. There is a difference in my experience. The Texans in my family would be more likely to physically jump in to stop something like an assault on a woman whereas my mom's family were the type to stand back and try to contact the authorities. Still, I'm not sure if it is just a matter of geography. My dad's father was not just a Texan, but a
rancher. My mom's father, wasn't just a Yankee, but an Ivy-educated
lawyer. Dang, when you look at it like that, no wonder they eventually got divorced!