He did say “or”. But with that said, here is a quote from one “mma” websiteThe original poster was referring to sports-based practitioners. And the term MMA definitely refers to a sport. It's strange how these kind of martial arts and sports are often confused with the practice of self-defence.
“Does MMA work for self-defense? The simple answer is YES. Learning MMA is one of the best things that you can do to defense yourself, gain confidence, and become a walking weapon….”
I think that you are putting “mma” in a smaller box than I am.