Here is an article about American Kenpo
by
Ron Chapél, Ph.D.
& Ed Parker Sr.
This is a question that many people are now starting to ask. As people begin to entertain the possibility there is more to American Kenpo than they have previously been exposed to, many questions come to mind. The primary one seems to be, “What is Motion Kenpo?”
Simply put “Motion Kenpo” is what The American Kenpo community is currently teaching and practicing. “Motion Kenpo” is the concept Ed Parker spread throughout the world and taught to most of his students. There is a mistaken belief however, he was teaching the Ed Parker American Kenpo System. Almost all American Kenpo Ranks awarded directly by Ed Parker are in “Motion Kenpo.” This is not a bad thing. All systems have to have a beginning base of knowledge upon which to build. Mr. Parker used the term “system” all the time, because this was what he was working toward, and in fact “Motion Kenpo” is the beginning of the first part of that system.
“Motion Kenpo” is a stand alone concept that is complex, demanding, and effective. Those who have reached “Motion Kenpo” mastery have no need to move to other levels of Kenpo unless, by choice, they decide to build upon what they have already learned.
To understand why “Motion Kenpo” exists, you must understand the evolution process of American Kenpo in general. Early on in His development of American Kenpo, Mr. Parker made a conscious decision to not teach more advanced material. The reasons why, were many. First of all, the so-called "System" itself was not sufficiently evolved. Second, what was available, he didn’t want to teach to students
without an ongoing personal relationship. This was difficult because the majority of His Students were spread all over the world, and the ones that werenÂ’t, he still didnÂ’t want to teach without some method of modifying the extreme destructive nature of what he knew.
He also realized above everything else, teaching specific techniques would be impossible. There was no way to teach a student a specific "move for move" technique without his consistent presence to mold the student in correct basics and the finer points of precise execution.
With the discovery of “Reverse Motion” in the sixties, Ed Parker found a vehicle he could utilize to spread his ideas. In this concept, there was no need to be specific in techniques. “Motion Kenpo” was born. Although he started with the idea of spreading the Ed Parker American Kenpo System, ultimately he realized the task was too large, and allowed “Motion Kenpo” to stand alone as a workable concept, which it does to this day.
Now you know why Mr. Parker encouraged personal interpretations. In this way, "Motion Kenpo" is very similar to Bruce Lee’s Concept of Jeet Kune Do. Mr. Parker had a great deal of influence in the creation of this concept when Bruce lived with him in the sixties. Mr. Parker convinced Bruce to leave the confines of his very restrictive Wing Chun in favor of a more eclectic method that borrowed upon all of his experiences. Mr. Parker knew Bruce needed a more dynamic presentation for “Motion” pictures. (No pun) Jeet Kune Do as a concept, is about drawing upon the totality of your martial arts experience in conjunction with certain principles, to create your own method and manner of fighting, that ultimately worked for you as an individual.
Sound familiar? The only difference is Ed Parker was more specific in his presentation of self-defense “themes.” Bruce Lee went to many martial artists and borrowed what he liked and discarded what he didn’t. Mr. Parker felt you could get a similar experience within the structure of one well designed progressive list of "themes," as opposed to searching through many different arts.
I know Bruce learned kicking from Hap Ki Do Master Sea Oh Choi, and He explored grappling with “Judo” Gene LaBell. He obviously learned sophisticated principles of timing and hand checks from Ed Parker, and weapons from Dan Inosanto, as well as others. But, remember, Bruce was creating a personal fighting style, not a fighting system to be taught to others. Ed Parker’s “Motion Kenpo” was similar in concept.
The JKD Concept, like “Motion Kenpo” is a valid one, and if explored diligently could produce dramatic personal results. Where people become confused, is they think JKD and “Motion Kenpo” are styles and try to emulate Bruce Lee or Mr. Parker. That was never their intent.
However, because “Motion Kenpo” was the precursor to a system and was designed to be taught, Mr. Parker gave students principles as a guide, then exposed them to self-defense technique “themes.” This insured students would be forced to consider a multitude of assault possibilities. In this way, "Motion Kenpo" is systematic, but is still not a complete system. Once done, he encouraged them to make the techniques work for themselves as an individual. It didn’t matter how they did it, only that it worked for them. That’s why there is no consensus on technique. There was never supposed to be a consensus on the execution of self-defense techniques. To do so would ignore the inherent principle of "tailoring." Without tailoring, "Motion Kenpo" could not exist.
Mr. Parker said it many times. "Motion Kenpo" exposed you to a variety of “theme” attacks from "A to Z." "This gives you the framework upon which to base your own personal (interpretive) style." In other words, the Ed Parker Kenpo System is not being taught, however, individual interpretations are. Therefore, this concept makes it clear, NO ONE IS WRONG. Students however, should be told they are being taught an interpretation based on Mr. Parker’s ideas.
The “themes” were presented in the form of “technique manuals.” Mr. Parker would always constantly say, the way the techniques are presented in the manuals were “only ideas.” Your effective interpretation is all that mattered. If you asked him the definitive way to execute a technique, he responded, “Show me how you do it.” He then would give his blessing or suggest changes to make it more effective, but he never told you how any technique should be done. That is why “Motion Kenpo “ is a concept and is not the Ed Parker American Kenpo System. It is, the beginning of the Ed Parker American Kenpo System.
It's obvious you cannot have a system without specifics that go beyond a "list" of assaults to consider. In many cases, students altered the attacks and further degraded Mr. ParkerÂ’s systematic "Web of Knowledge. You cannot have a system without execution specifics. All techniques have at least three components. A method of execution, a manner of execution, and a self-defense theme. Mr. Parker only gave you the "theme" through his "Web of Knowledge." He left the method and manner up to you. After all, itÂ’s about self-defense. ThatÂ’s why Kenpo is so popular.
In “Motion Kenpo” there is placed a great emphasis on the concepts of the prefix, suffix, insert, and the “what if?” This was necessary, in part to justify the existence of the “extensions,” and to re-enforce "tailoring," which is mandatory in "Motion Kenpo." The extensions were further designed to expand on the “motion” aspect of the art. Huk Planas would concur, because of his first hand knowledge in the creation of much of that material. In my opinion, nobody knows that material better than “Huk.” But the only real lesson taught in “motion kenpo” by design, is just “motion.” Not that these motions couldn’t be used, obviously they can, and quite effectively. Remember, Kenpo is supposed to be a self-defense, results driven art.
American Kenpo ultimately evolved like most arts. That is, it is actually designed to be taught in phases, with each phase imparting certain knowledge and skills. The bad news is, although “motion kenpo” works, it is by no means all there is to Kenpo. The good news is the same. “Motion Kenpo” works. But, after spending a few years and getting a Black Belt in "Motion Kenpo," if someone thinks they've seen the bulk of what there is to learn, they have to be kidding themselves.
The “Motion Level of Kenpo” could be more effective if instructors had a better understanding and grasp of basics. Mr. Parker explained basics but, he didn’t drill and teach them, so it wasn’t the instructors fault. They saw Mr. Parker so infrequently he couldn’t drill them on basics. So he explained them and expected students to work on their own. Instead, everyone wanted to explore self-defense techniques.
With Mr. Parker not being around, so much time was spent on the “what if?” possibilities of techniques, the basics were being ignored. More traditional arts spend countless hours on proper stances, footwork, and the execution of basics. American Kenpo needs to do the same. Mr. Parker always said basics are everything, but instructors chose to focus their “teaching” on self-defense technique “ideas” and their many variations and possibilities.
Frank Trejo is a famous Kenpo Student and professional trainer. Frank will tell you there needs to be more emphasis on basics.. He and I were involved in a test in Baltimore of a few high ranking belts. He kept asking, “Where are the stances, the footwork, “etc. “Students do not know how to generate power because of a lack of foundation. It just isn’t there.” “Huk” Planas will tell you, everybody is trying to do “add on” extensions, when they should be concentrating on understanding what they already have. Even at the “motion level” techniques can be effective.
Unfortunately, Mr. Parker never did get to Phase Two of His System with the masses of his students. This is where the "Base Techniques" of His System actually begin. So you see, there are a lot of very good “Motion Kenpo” people out there, but they have only begun to know Mr. Parker's System. They have started a journey that has many more steps. That is one reason why critics are actually in no position to criticize what they don’t know. That includes from within, and outsiders.
In all fairness, many students of the sixties and seventies were involved in what was the definitive art of the time. But Mr. Parker was actually developing the “System” until the day he died. This was a man of evolution and innovation, and that should come as no surprise to anyone. Mr. Parker used to hint at certain areas, but rarely explained. His “menu of death” story is a good example. A close examination of the charts in His “Infinite Insight” series, that breakdown the art into its component parts are also a very large clue. I know he didn’t teach students slap-checks either. You can’t get to other levels of Kenpo without slap-checks.
So, for reasons of their own, those who quit, left, or stopped studying, never had the opportunity to be exposed to American Kenpo's other levels. I know over the years, Mr. Parker had bad experiences with most of his high ranking Black Belts and was forced to sever ties, or limit interaction with them. This really hurt Mr. Parker. Some had been with Him for years, but felt uncomfortable with “new” material and evolutionary changes, as he continued to evolve the system. They refused to continue to educate themselves. Others broke away when they felt they had acquired enough knowledge. Ultimately, as only Ed Parker could, He remained cordial with all.
So you see, “Motion Kenpo” is what it is by design. Even at the “Motion Phase,” the framework of the technique “themes” in the manuals suggest some very interesting data. If you could look at the “themes” presented as a whole, you begin to realize about two-thirds of the techniques are hands on, as opposed to blocking and striking. Some won’t like this, but Kenpo ultimately is primarily a manipulation system by shear numbers. These are some of the principles left out of Mr. Parker’s general teaching of “Motion.” This is also why the hardest techniques to execute are grabs, holds, hugs, locks, etc. Most turn these techniques into attempts to make them work. A front bear-hug becomes an attempted front bear-hug. Wrist and arm-lock techniques are practiced to the front with the student “handing” his hand or arm to his attacker. That’s because nether the attack nor the defense is taught or understood.
People have heard Mr. Parker say, “The ultimate aim of Kenpo is to elongate circles and to round off corners.” That is absolutely true, at the motion level. Mr. Parker also taught at higher levels, the ultimate aim of the Kenpo System was Control Manipulation. He felt the ability to control the destructive level of a confrontation was the important thing. It is also the hardest level to teach as well as to learn.
Mr. Parker felt the Control Manipulation component of the was supreme. It is very hard to justify a handsword to the throat (Sword and Hammer) because someone grabs you by the shoulder. You may “win” the fight and loose on the verdict in court for manslaughter or murder. Many technique ideas based on certain themes are out of line with the level of the attack. To poke a man in the eyes for a shoulder grab is only one idea on a theme. A bad one under most circumstances.
You learn to talk, then you learn your ABCs, then you learn to write. Phonetics, alphabet, print, write, shorthand. Motion Kenpo is the concept that is the “phonetic phase” to learning the system. But let's not forget, just because you can say the word, doesn't mean you can spell it, or know its true meaning. Every phase builds upon the previous skills and knowledge acquired. However, each level if learned in proper sequence is capable of standing alone as a workable segment of the whole. Those of you who have obtained superiority in “Motion Kenpo” are on their way to moving to new heights of skill and knowledge. But be aware, once you leave “Motion Kenpo,” the freedom and flexibility you had to move, alter, and change does not re-surface until you have absorbed the lesson of the other Phases and restructured fundamentals to satisfy advanced criterion. When you "say" the word, there is some measure of flexibility in how you choose to pronounce it. When you learn your ABC’s and spell the word, there is one way. You cannot change the ABC’s or how you choose to spell the word.
Each level of American Kenpo has its own ranks and certifications. It is important to understand you do not loose any ranks achieved on previous levels. But, like a Ph.D. who decides to move to a another level and become a surgeon, you must learn the basics and fundamentals associated with the new level of skills you wish to obtain. Therefore, each rank, like each level of knowledge and skills, builds and grows upon the previous level. I have had people approach me to learn the “nerve strikes” or manipulations in Advanced Kenpo. They don’t understand, without a defined base techniques, I can only teach Ed Parker’s “tricks.” To truly learn, you need a well designed and structure delivery system. In other words, you must learn the techniques at the next level. These techniques then evolve into all aspects of the system.
The hard part in “Kenpo” is when you leave the level of art (motion) and move to the level of science (Advanced). Techniques and execution become precise. Therefore the level of commitment to obtain skills and certifications are higher and more demanding. But, that has always been the case as you move up in any field of endeavor. From high school, to college to grad school, to professorship. In our educational system, many are content and satisfied with a bachelors degree, then they focus on other aspects of their lives and career. Others choose to move to grad school and beyond. It’s about choices. However, feel content that what ever level you choose, you have made significant accomplishments. It is a given in life, the higher you go, the harder it gets, and the fewer the numbers.
"Motion Kenpo" is the concept that is only the first or “phonetic phase” to learning the system. Some have mistakenly thought it was the system. We live in a society that's wants everything right now. We think 5 or 10 years invested in the martial arts is a lot. We forget, in education, 10 years is nothing. You're not even a senior in high school. There are old men in China still studying and learning. In this country we want everything fast. Fast food, fast cars, fast martial arts. We complain because we get a fast black belt in a few years, and get upset because someone says we don't know everything.