ABC NEWS Investigation Timeline
Who Knew About Alleged Iraqi Prisoner Abuse? When?
The release of graphic photographs depicting the abuse of Iraqi prisoners in Abu Ghraib prison, a U.S.-controlled detention center outside Baghdad, has sparked an international firestorm of controversy. The scandal is also raising questions about which high-ranking members of the U.S. military knew of the allegations and when they were informed.
The following is a timeline of events regarding the investigations of the abuse allegations:
Aug. 31 - Sept. 9, 2003: Maj. Gen. Geoffrey Miller leads a team to Iraq to review the military's ability to rapidly exploit Iraqi prisoners for actionable intelligence, focusing on three areas: intelligence integration, interrogation operations, and detention operations. — Taguba Report
Sept. 6, 2003: Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld tours Abu Ghraib prison and meets with Brig. Gen. Janis Karpinski.
Oct. 13 - Nov. 6, 2003: Maj. Gen. Donald Ryder leads an assessment team to Iraq to make specific recommendations concerning detention and interrogation operations. He finds that there are potential human rights abuses, training, and manpower issues system-wide that needed immediate attention. — Taguba Report
October - December 2003: A number of "sadistic, blatant and wanton criminal abuses [are] inflicted on several detainees" in Tier 1-A of the Abu Ghraib prison. "Almost every witness testified that the serious criminal abuse of detainees at Abu Ghraib occurred in late October to early November 2003." — Taguba Report
Nov. 4, 2003: Iraqi prisoner Manadel Al-Jamadi is killed in detention, while under interrogation by CIA employee.
Nov. 18, 2003: Department of Defense Principal Deputy General Counsel Daniel Dell'Orto writes to Sen. Patrick Leahy to confirm that earlier Department of Defense statements about the treatment of detainees bind the entire Executive Branch. He sidesteps specific questions about interrogation guidelines, adding that articles alleging improper treatment of detainees "often contain allegations that are untrue." — Human Rights Watch Timeline of Abuse Allegations and Responses
Nov. 26, 2003: Maj. Gen. Abed Hamed Mowhoush, a former Iraqi air defense commander, dies while under interrogation. U.S. military says he died of "natural causes."
NOTE: ABCNEWS has since learned that the CIA inspector general is investigating the deaths of three men during CIA interrogation — two in Iraq and one in Afghanistan.
Jan. 6, 2004: The U.S. Army discharges three reservists and ordered them to forfeit two months' salary for abusing prisoners at a detention center in Iraq." — Associated Press, Jan. 6, 2004
Jan. 13, 2004: A soldier of the 800th Military Police Brigade at Abu Ghraib reports allegations through chain of command.
Jan. 14, 2004: Combined Joint Task Force-7 criminal investigation is initiated
Jan. 16, 2004: U.S. Army Brig. Gen. Mark Kimmitt holds briefing on criminal investigation. CENTCOM issues press release to publicly acknowledge the investigation.
Jan. 17, 2004: Brig. Gen. Janice Karpinski, commander of 800th Military Police Brigade, is formally admonished and suspended from her duties in writing by Lt. Gen. Ricardo Sanchez regarding the "serious deficiencies in her Brigade." [Taguba Report, pg. 44]. Sanchez called the recent detainee abuse at Abu Ghraib the most recent example of poor leadership that "permeates the Brigade." — Taguba Report
Jan. 19, 2004: Sanchez requests senior level investigation of procedures at the prison.
Jan. 24, 2004: Gen. John Abizaid directs the Coalition Forces Land Component Command to conduct the investigation requested by Sanchez.
Jan. 30, 2004: Maj. Gen. Antonio Taguba is appointed to conduct an investigation in Iraq concerning allegations of prisoner abuse at Abu Ghraib, as ordered by CENTCOM at the request of Gen. Richard Sanchez — Taguba Report
Early February: The Army inspector general begins an investigation of "what we were doing throughout the AOR [area of responsibility]," not including Abu Ghraib, but including Kandahar, Bagram, and other facilities in Iraq.
Early February: In the midst of three investigations, the chief of the Army Reserves decides to conduct an internal review and assessment of how reservists are prepared for these missions.
Feb. 10, 2004: Human Rights Watch writes to Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, expressing concern about the treatment of detainees in Iraq and urges the administration to publicly clarify the status of the detainees and to make public the numbers of detainees being held. — Human Rights Watch
Feb. 23, 2004: U.S. forces investigation of mistreatment of Iraqi detainees at Abu Ghraib prison results in the suspension of 17 soldiers, including a battalion commander and a company commander, pending the outcome of an investigation into allegations of abuse of detainees. — Reuters news service
Feb. 23, 2004: CNN learns an investigation of Abu Ghraib prison abuse is under way. Reporter Barbara Starr is traveling with Rumsfeld and learns that criminal charges against U.S. personnel could come within the following two weeks. "The reports included the possibility that there are pictures showing prisoners being abused or held up to ridicule, and it was Gen. Sanchez several weeks ago that ordered an immediate investigation." — CNN reporter Barbara Starr
March 3, 2004: Maj. Gen. Taguba finishes his preliminary assessment and presents it to Gen. David McKiernan.
March 15, 2004: Army Criminal Investigation Division issues a preliminary assessment regarding its criminal investigation.
March 20, 2004: Charges are preferred against six U.S. military personnel. Gen. Kimmit briefs on the matter in Baghdad, as some have already had their Article 32 hearings.
April 6, 2004: Gen. McKiernan approves the findings of the Taguba Report, which leads to at least six letters of reprimand and two soldiers being released for cause (reassigned to other jobs). All of the soldiers are from the 800th MP Unit.
April 9, 2004: Article 32 proceedings are held for Staff Sgt. Ivan L. Frederick. The abuses become public at this hearing due to the outrage of Spc. Joseph M. Darby, an MP. He received a CD of photos from Cpl. Charles A. Graner, one of the accused, and Darby then submitted the photos along with a sworn statement to the Army's Criminal Investigation Division. — New Yorker, May 10, 2004
April 23, 2004: Gen. George Fay, deputy chief of staff for Army intelligence, initiates an investigation of military intelligence gathering practices inside Iraq. Fay is on the ground in Iraq.
April 28, 2004: CBS' 60 Minutes II airs segment showing pictures of prisoners being abused at Abu Ghraib prison.
April 28, 2004: Sen.Tom Daschle says he and other congressional leaders met with Rumsfeld and other Pentagon leadership on this date, but they were not told about the abuses.
Around April 30, 2004: Seymour Hersh writes a New Yorker article detailing abuses at Abu Ghraib. The names of the accused are mentioned: Staff Sgt.Ivan L. Frederick, Spc. Charles A. Graner, Sgt. Javal Davis, Spc. Megan Ambuhl, and Spc. Sabrina Harman.
May 3, 2004: Pentagon announces that six soldiers in supervisory positions have received letters of reprimand and a milder letter of admonishment to a seventh. Six in subordinate positions have already been charged. — The New York Times, May 3, 2004
May 4, 2004: Gen. George Casey states that, since December 2002, there have been 35 Army criminal investigations into the treatment of detainees in Iraq and Afghanistan. 25 involve deaths. Two were classified as homicides. Casey said he has no idea how many soldiers may ultimately be involved in abuse at Abu Ghraib. — Martha Raddatz report on ABCNEWS World News Tonight
May 5, 2004: The Senate Intelligence Committee hears from CIA officials and the head of Army Intelligence in closed session. No names are provided. — Luis Martinez, Senate Today
May 7, 2004: Testifying in front of a Senate Armed Services Committee hearing on Capitol Hill, Rumsfeld offers his deepest apologies to Iraqi victims of prisoner abuse, saying the culprits should be punished. He says he will not quit to respond to political pressure.
Compiled by ABCNEWS' Brinda Adhikari, with additional reporting by Brian Hartman.
hmmm...so far we lack evidence of a "systemic" problem. We do see some allegations, but nothing as far as evidence, yet....we see the military began the investigation before any outside humanitarian organizations "break the story". We see discharges, reprimands and proceedings for court martial. We see action being taken to correct the problems...these are the facts, without pontifcation and with some "credible" sources.