you post here says person A confronts person B....with a possible threat. but then you add on "like a mugging showing a weapon" well those two statements are incompatible. a mugging with a weapon IS a threat,
They're not incompatible, they can be stage one and stage two.
I have no data to support this, but I don't think many mugging type scenarios start with the assailant approaching from across the street displaying a weapon.
So, they approach under a pretext - does taking a defensive stance off the bat (before any actual threat has been identified) put you at a possible disadvantage? Like you've extended your arm, other arm is hovering near weapon - do those signals possibly contribute to escalation?
Mix it up a bit...
I'm lost, I approach someone to ask directions and they respond to my approach by sticking their arm toward my face and reaching behind their back - damn, that bloke looks like he's going to attack me for being lost, better defend myself
(Yeah, thread wander, I'm fine with that)