It seems one of the effects of long term meditation - ānon-dual awarenessā - has a possible neural explanation.
During advanced meditation, there is a dissolution of the boundaries between the self and the environment, resulting in a state of unity.
bigthink.com
In summary, normally, we monitor and process three levels of sensory input 1) Interoceptive levelā¦processing the signals from internal organs, 2) Exteroceptive levelā¦processing of stimuli from the outside world 3) Mental levelā¦processing of personality and memories. 3, tends to take precedence over 1 and 2.
In 3), there are two systems at work:
Default Mode Network, which is strongly activate when we daydream or our minds wonder in reverie, and the
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, which manages many cognitive processes like planning and memory.
fMRI brain scans indicate that advanced meditators show
decreased activity in the default mode network (and thus decreased mental self-processing) and
increased activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (increased ability to focus attention) and at the same time these two areas increase their communication with each other!
Advanced meditators are able to shift their attention away from the āselfā and synchronise the three levels of sensory processing! They are able to focus more on exteroceptive and interoceptive signals, and less on the mental self, they achieve ānon-dual awarenessā, and become present in the moment. Rather than being distinct from each other, the inner and outer world join in one, undivided continuum, and the āselfā, body, and environment are strongly aligned!
SCIENCE, B*tch!