You know Bill, I'm going to disagree again. A bit.
I am not saying, and I don't think it is correct, that mutations and evolution are conscious decisions the same way that surgeries are (to alter appearance or function, remove dangerous aspects, implant beneficial ones). That would be choice, from a conscious point of view. But to say that it is completely random is a bit out as well. From that perspective, you could argue that the wolf-like ancestors of modern whales centuries and millenia after entering the oceans randomly evolved flippers instead of legs and feet/hands. Mutation is random, and typically leads nowhere. But evolution is not quite so random. It is the effects of the random interchange of differing genetic groupings, which may or may not lead to repeated traits being found in subsequent generations, often but not always related to the survivability of the species or individuals in question
But it is geared to specific circumstances. Those may include environment (the isolation of the Galapogos Islands, as well as Madagascar and other places), available food sources (more food often equals bigger animals, as well as resulting in specialised feeding methods), spread of available mates (big, showy displays when competition is fierce, loud calls when distance needs to be overcome), and more. Often, evolution can be a way to take a niche position in an ecosystem.
But sometimes evolution is just odd. White tigers have on survival advantage, but they are around (admittedly rare, surviving very rarely in the wild, it seems sometimes bred almost exclusively for Las Vegas magicians...), the Sabre-Tooths had a huge survival advantage, and while individual species may have had their time, the niche they occupied has not been filled (for the record, sabre-tooths as a trait have a very odd evolution cycle. They seem to evolve independantly, be present for a number of species over 10's of thousands of years, then disappear. Then, usually after a gap of another 10,000 years or so, they develop independantly again in another species! Oh, and the last known sabre-tooths were around about 10,000 years ago... just sayin'...), and then we have the Giant Panda.
The Giant Panda just doesn't want to survive from a Darwinian point of view. It is a carniverous animal that lives a solitary life, has adapted to eating only a few species of bamboo (which it's digestive system is not designed to process) which only grows outside of the Panda's habitat (they live high on the mountain, the bamboo grows low), and to top it off, they only learn behaviour by witnessing it. In other words, even if you get two Panda's together, and they happen to be male and female, unless they have already witnessed two Panda's mating, they will be unsure of what to do (and that is not easy when they live such solitary lives!). I;m all for saving the Panda's, but really, they have to make some effort, yeah? But these are all cases of evolution not following the survival of the fittest/strongest that most simplify it down to.
I would be very hesitant to say that "evolution does not have an intent", then follow that by stating that it favours the survival of the species. That could be taken as being contradictory. But I see evolution as a process, so assigning it intent, I agree, is wrong. However, to state that it is simply random chance is denying the purpose evolution plays. While not necessarily a directed action (a creature doesn't just wake up in the morning, and think "you know what, I think I'd like to have thumbs!"), it is a guided process, by the methods and influences listed above.
Oh, and while not consciously being aware of it, on a species level, I think the staph bacteria were aware they were being targeted, and the mutation is part of their survival strategy. It's the same as animals in cold environments developing (evolving) thick coats.
* * * (while I was answering you posted again, so I may as well address that one here as well, if you don't mind) * * *
You start by saying "We say that Christians have faith in the Christian concept of God, right?" , well that "concept" is your understanding. That is what I was refering to.
I'm going to copy and paste your posted statements from my e-mail notification, as it hasn't come up on this page for me yet. For the record, all bold statements are originally posted by Bill Mattocks.
However, let's say that today, the Christian God appears and makes it clear to all and sundry that He exists and is real. Consider for the sake of argument that God has been proven to exist.
Good hypothetical. I accept. But He needs to prove also that He is God. I will accept for now that He has doent hat as well.
Now, one can say that people who continue to believe in God are no longer engaging in faith, but are instead choosing to believe in something that can be proven.
Yes, that is in fact exactly what I would say. They would be operating on a value and belief system based on established facts, not faith.
However, what was it when God had not proven Himself? Was it faith then? After all, God existed then too, He just had not proven Himself to exist.
Yes, without proof faith is all you can have. The existance can be debated, but without the proof all you have is faith. That is the core of the definition.
Faith, then, is not belief without the requirement of proof. There was proof that God existed the day before He showed Himself, we just didn't know it. Faith yesterday was belief without understanding.
Yes, faith is belief without proof. By your very example above, which is a very cogent example of how faith operates. The difference here seems to be in the word "understanding". As I am using it, understanding is not scientific proof. That is another concept entirely. Understanding is, rather, the ability to differentiate between one concept and another. If you have a concept of God (that is personal to you), and you can differentiate it from the God of Islam, or the Gods (and Goddesses) of Hindu, or the Roman, Greek, and Ancient Egyptian Deities, or the Native American Great Spirit, or the Japanese shamaistic Shinto animal and nature reverance, then you have an understanding. If you did not have this, you could not truly have faith.
The facts didn't change in my hypothetical situation. God existed yesterday, but without proof. God exists today, but now with proof. Believers have not changed, the facts have not changed, only their understanding has changed.
No, I would say that knowledge would have changed, possibly understanding as well. But understanding would not have suddenly appeared where it previously was not. It would simply have evolved to adapt to the new environment (to survive...). Yesterday people believed in God with a personal understanding of what they were doing, and who they were having faith in, today we have concrete evidence and knowledge of who and or what God is, and as a result have adapted our knowledge of the universe accordingly. Faith is out, but knowledge and belief remain.
That said, believers may still have faith that God is looking out for them specifically, even if He has no intention of doing so, wouldn't know who they are, or even care. That would be faith, belief without requiring proof. Unless of course, they walked up to God and demanded a showing of his protection of them, but I wouldn't advise that... and that sort of thing denies faith in itself. If I remember my Biblical studies, Deuteronomy states "Do not put your Lord God to the test as you did at Massah", which is referenced again in Luke's telling of Jesus' temptation in the desert ("It is written in the Scriptures, do not test the Lord your God"). I think that's right, might have to google it. My Bible is around here somewhere...
Understanding is a continuum. I know that 2+2=4 and can prove it. My understanding is based upon reality and is not a hypothesis and therefore it is not faith. However, I also know that God exists. I cannot prove it. My understanding may or may not be based on reality, and therefore it is faith.
Yeah, I really feel we are confusing my use of understanding with knowledge and facts. The 2+2=4 is simply knowledge and application of principles, not understanding. There is however an understanding of the concept of mathematics and numerical values.
My argument is that although evolution is real, many people who espouse belief in it cannot describe it correctly. They do not understand it, even though it can be understood. Their understanding is correct - it is true - but it is still faith, because of their tenuous grasp of it.
Hey, I can't fully explain why this particular chord structure sounds great on my guitar, but it's not a matter of faith as to whether or not it does. And again you are confusing understanding (I understand that through a biological process we call evolution species change and adapt over time) with particular knowledge (I know the genome structure of a species of South American tree-frog, and can chart the anatomical changes that have occured as a result of it's habitat being altered and it's food source being changed). This is not a case of faith. Faith would be belief without requiring proof (I believe that the reason the tree-frog is shaped the way it is is because it was made in a factory on Pluto by Mickey Mouses dog, and he really liked big hands on little green things).
I can have faith that it will rain tomorrow, and it may. I can have faith it will not rain, but it might rain anyway. I am not a meteorologist, shaman, or precognitor, so my understanding is based on faith, whether it turns out I am right or not.
Hmm, not sure if this is a good example for you to give, there are far too many ways for it to be countered. You can have faith that it will not rain despite the weather report saying there will be a storm, but that would be about it. But I think I get what you're getting at. To take it in a martial sense, you are saying that you have faith that you won't be attacked walking to your car after work. You may be attacked, you may not (hopefully not!), but there is no empirical way for you to know at this point in time (I'm leaving the concept of intuition out of this).
In this regard, that could be construed as faith, as you do not require proof as to whether or not you will be attacked before walking to your car. And if you do, that would be bordering on agoraphobia... But your belief is based without requiring the proof. You may require the hope, or the wish that you will not be attacked, but you do not require the proof.
You can also have faith in them winning just because you want that outcome very much, despite any odds against it. Faith does not care about odds. Faith is blind.
Ha, yes, you certainly can have faith based on hope, but again it is an understood situation. And blind faith is not a recommendation, and is usually used as a derogatory term to denigrade followers who cannot/do not think for themselves, but blindly only believe what they are told. As I believe I have said, that is far more in the realm of gullibility than true faith. True faith is tested often, and needs to stand up to the scrutiny of such observation and questioning, that is where personal strength of conviction comes in, and this is one of the great benefits of faith, aiding in honing such inner character. Blind faith does nothing of the sort.
I have no real understanding of how spending more money makes more money. Oh, I've read the theories, but I've read just as many competing theories, and I am no expert. I might just as well be throwing darts blindfolded and taking whatever financial advice is under whatever I happen to hit. Remember, while there are people urging me to have faith in the economy, there are also people telling me that the economy has not yet finished falling off the cliff yet.
But you do have an understandin gof the concept of money, right? As said, you are getting understanding confused with being expert (knowledge). You simply need to have an understanding of the concepts, whether the same as others, or personally derrived.
That's an interesting argument, I'll give you that. So you're saying that belief in evolution is NOT faith, because even if a person has no personal understanding of evolution, they have a bulwark to lean against, the people who do understand evolution. I get it! Well done!
Not quite. I am saying that they have a belief, not faith, not because there is the evidence, scientific knowledge for them to look up, but because they have an understanding of the concepts, and have an awareness that the evidence exists for it's provability.
However...
If one uses another's more in-depth understanding of a subject to stand proxy for their own lack of understanding, they are by necessity having faith in that person's knowledge without personally understanding it themselves. Back to dot.
Well, that depends on the subject. In some cases, it does become faith. In martial arts, for instance, not everyone goes out and gets in bar brawls each night, so som faith in the knowledge being pasat on by an instructor is certainly not out of place. But in regard to evolution, there is evidence to back it up, therefore not faith. With religion, there is no evidence, therefore faith. But understanding of the concept(s) is required in both.
In The Who's rock opera, Tommy, we have young lad who is struck deaf, dumb, and blind after witnessing a particularly violent act involving his parents. In one song (Christmas), there is debate over Tommy's spiritual future and development. From the lyrics:
And Tommy doesn't know what day it is,
Doesn't know who Jesus was or what praying is,
How can he be saved?
From an eternal grave?
What is being said here is that he cannot possibly have the requisite faith to be "saved" without the required understanding to accompany it. And that is what I am getting at.