Due to the former isolation of some regions of the Appalachian South, the Appalachian accent may be difficult for some outsiders to understand. This dialect is also rhotic, meaning speakers pronounce "R"s wherever they appear in words, and sometimes when they do not (for example "worsh" for "wash.") Because of the extensive length of the mountain chain, noticeable variation also exists within this subdialect.
The Southern Appalachian dialect can be heard, as its name implies, in
North Georgia,
North Alabama,
East Tennessee,
Middle Tennessee, Western
North Carolina, Eastern
Kentucky,
Southwestern Virginia,
Western Maryland, and
West Virginia. Southern Appalachian speech patterns, however, are not entirely confined to these mountain regions previously listed.
The common thread in the areas of the
South where a rhotic version of the dialect is heard is almost invariably a traceable line of descent from
Scots or
Scots-Irish ancestors amongst its speakers. The dialect is also not devoid of early influence from Welsh settlers, the dialect retaining the
Welsh English tendency to pronounce words beginning with the letter "h" as though the "h" were silent; for instance "humble" often is rendered "umble".
A popular myth claims that this dialect closely resembles
Early Modern or Shakespearean English.
[1] Although this dialect retains many words from the
Elizabethan era that are no longer in common usage, this myth is apocryphal.
[2]