Infinite Bunkai in Kata

[isshinryuronin]

"Infinite bunkai in kata." I very much dislike this phrase. IMO it's inaccurate and mispresents THE kata as taught in curriculum. Before you call me a dogmatic Luddite, let me explain using an example comparing a three-move kata combo to the three-letter word "cat," with each move being a letter. (This is a long post, but please bear thru it along with the literary license taken in regard to the English language.)

CAT is a type of furry animal with retractable claws (except for the cheetah). Now, let's play around with these letters to "discover" a new bunkai for it. I can spell it KAT, changing the C to a K, perhaps representing seeing a block as a strike. This is reasonable as it sounds the same, and the pronounced word still means the same furry animal.

One can also spell it KHAT which still sounds the same. The insertion of the H may be likened to adding a pivot between the K and A move. It may change the inflection of the word, but not the actual meaning. This also seems a reasonable modification to me and may even make the meaning of the combination more effective. (Perhaps the sensei introduces the H at brown belt level.)

How about CAGHTE? This can also sound the same, but the number of letters has doubled. Here, some potential problem may creep in. If it takes that many letters/moves to give the correct bunkai, there should be some remnant of those extra letters in the kata. But the kata only shows the original letters and continues on to the next word series.

Now we go to KATTAPULT. Not only have we changed the original letters, we've added a whole bunch of new ones! This is getting bad. The actual meaning of the word has changed and is most likely the wrong spelling and use of the word the kata intended - an incorrect bunkai. Not that "kattapult/catapult" isn't a nice word with meaning, it's just not the right word for the story's context.

Some go to great lengths to twist and contort the kata to justify their own imagined bunkai. They say, "Let's change the C to a D, after all, they are alphabetically consecutive. And let's change the A to an O, after all, they're both vowels. And let's change the T to a G, after all, they both have an "ee" sound to them." Before you know it, CAT has become DOG. As any cat or dog lover will tell you, they are nothing alike. If the karate master wanted a dog, he wouldn't have gone and gotten a cat. So, we must pay some mind to the kata's intent.

But there is plenty of flexibility built into kata. IMO there are 1 or 2 specific bunkai for many of a kata's combos as intended by the style's master and maybe another 1 or 2 additional logical and natural adaptations within the kata's framework, not compromising the kata's integrity. It is wise to explore these options as many masters encouraged in their writing.

Now, outside this framework there is little to restrain us from doing almost any effective MA moves we wish, using the kata merely as a springboard. This is the true value of kata - allowing us to creatively apply its principles to actual dynamic, free-flowing combat, adaptable to most any self-defense situation. BUT if we start overmodifying bunkai within the kata, weakening its integrity, when we leave the kata for actual combat we may find its intended lessons not there when we need it most.

 

[Bill Mattocks]

"Infinite bunkai in kata." I very much dislike this phrase.

So I see.

Now, outside this framework there is little to restrain us from doing almost any effective MA moves we wish, using the kata merely as a springboard. This is the true value of kata - allowing us to creatively apply its principles to actual dynamic, free-flowing combat, adaptable to most any self-defense situation. BUT if we start overmodifying bunkai within the kata, weakening its integrity, when we leave the kata for actual combat we may find its intended lessons not there when we need it most.

The key, I believe, is to not modify the kata which is taught to students. Omote, the bunkai is obvious and what it appears to be. To change the kihon or kata due to bunkai interpretation and represent it as the art would be incorrect. Not to start a war, but I consider the t stance to backfist in Seisan as an example. Some isshinryu lineages put an overhead block in there which isn't, to my understanding. Same for the ura uchi seiken tsuki kihon; there's no upper body block in there. That's bunkai that has migrated in the kihon and kata.

However taught as part of an advanced curriculum, I think it's great.

 

[isshinryuronin]

The key, I believe, is to not modify the kata which is taught to students. ,,, To change the kihon or kata due to bunkai interpretation and represent it as the art would be incorrect.

consider the t stance to backfist in Seisan as an example. Some isshinryu lineages put an overhead block in there which isn't, to my understanding.

Master Uechi clearly teaches a circular up/side motion prior/during to the backfist which he explains is a block, clearing the space for the strike. This is all done in one continuous motion - the "block" is not a distinct position but is part of the strike. His teacher, Master Uezu, the founder's son-in-law, shows a smaller circular motion (in later videos), and his teacher, the style's founder, T. Shimabuku, shows a barely perceptible one.

This leads me to think that over time, this circular motion and dual application of the technique (block-strike) was once hidden oyo, but has become more obvious omote over time (secrecy being discarded in modern TMA culture as bunkai gets more popularized). This circular motion also builds momentum. So, all in all, this way of doing it is very efficient. There is the element of circular > linear in the technique. That's in kata. In actual combat application, the circular blocking part may not be needed.

Such a double application in one move is fully consistent with traditional Okinawan karate. The gedan barai has a similar app of sweeping an area before a strike. The strike's path is going that way so why not put it to use? Motobu Choki utilized this concept in his fighting style as well.

However, videos of the founder's son, Kichiro, and one of his senior American students, Mike Calandra, do not show any circular motion, the arm going directly (linear) into the strike. Whether Kichiro's lineage does not have this app or is just "stingier" in sharing it, I don't know. I looked for clips of Sherman Harrill doing this move but couldn't find any.

 

[Kung Fu Wang]

"Infinite bunkai in kata." I very much dislike this phrase.

I also don't like this logic. People said, "This move in the form can be a hip throw". No matter how your arms may move like a hip throw, if your body is not moving like a hip throw, it's not a hip throw.

A: Dear master! In your video, you rotate your hip in the middle of your form. Are you trying to show a power generation secret?"
B: When I made that video, a bee tried to land on my hip. I tried to get rid of it.

Sometimes people try to give too much credit for the form creator that the form creator doesn't deserve it.

 

[isshinryuronin]

People said, "This move in the form can be a hip throw". No matter how your arms may move like a hip throw, if your body is not moving like a hip throw, it's not a hip throw.

Yes. Deciphering technique requires expertise in technique. Another consideration, though: Perhaps a hip movement or leg position in the form has been lost over the past century or two during numerous transmissions.

A: Dear master! In your video, you rotate your hip in the middle of your form. Are you trying to show a power generation secret?"
B: When I made that video, a bee tried to land on my hip. I tried to get rid of it.

This is quite possible. An aberration or error in a form video can take on a life of its own and be seen as the standard. This is why direct transmission from master to student is best. Unfortunately, it's usually not a possibility these days.