It is true that shaolin was in its creative period influenced by an Indian Buddhist priest named Bodhidharma (Tamo in Chinese). He was at first refused atmitance into the temple, but was allowed in later. When he joined the monks they were out of shape and unhealthy. Tamo countered this weakness by teaching them moving exercises, designed to both enhance ch'i flow and build strength. These sets, modified from Indian yogas (mainly hatha, and raja) were based on the movements of the 18 main animals in Indo-Chinese iconography (e.g., tiger, deer, leopard, cobra, snake, dragon, etc.) Its hard to say when these "Sets" became actuall "MArtial Arts" since the Shaolin temple was in a secluded area so most of the martial aspects of the temple were more than likely for self defense against bandits and wild animals. This is not to say that Tamo "invented" martial arts. Martial arts had existed in China for centuries. But within confines of the temple, it was possible to develop and codify these martial arts into the new and different styles that would become distinctly Shaolin.
I think that MA as a whole if you take aomeone hitting another person with thier hand as MA have been around since the begining of man, but as a coded a recorded system I think that is a very different issue.
7sm