I do not have Hwangs book in front of me , however it is common knowledge that he stated he learned Karate from books in the library , while in machuria . Please understand that JJ Kim KJN no doubt is good at what he does , however he nor any of my other instructors that I trained w/ have ever shown me any applications found within the Hyung/Kata . Personally , I do think he trained in some form of Karate , then combined it w/ what he seen practiced in Korea , & the Yang style TCC he learned from Yang Kuk Jin . However , I dont think he would ever admit that he trained under any Japanese instructor , because you gotta remember the Japanese & The Koreans dont have the best relationship due to their past , so he didnt wanna loose some face , & seem like a traitor to his people . I also believe he might of trained w/ Won Kuk Lee , or any of the other earlier kwan Jang's to refine his technique , before the development of the MDK . I have done some extensive research into the hitory of the MDK , & you can take a look at my angelfire site to see what I've found . However , I am no longer practicing TSD , so I have pretty much given up on any further TSD research , but dont mind sharing the knowledge I've acquired w/ others . I do hope it helps others to continue their research , & grow . If not , that is fine as well , after all it is my own opinion on research I made , & could be lieing , but then again why would I waste soooo much time on doing so .