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Not that the Germanic sword was necessarily an inferior weapon. There are some marvelous pattern-welded differentially tempered examples around. They don't give up pride of place to many blades.
Are the people wielding these weapons in these "tests" really the best examples to use? Because the Katana didn't cut through the chainmail...was it the sword or the wielder? Would a better swordsman have had a different result? Saying that one weapon was more effective than another based on the "tests" on this show is junk science IMO. Thats my issue with this series.
Having not seen the episode, why is it assumed that the Samurai has greater technical expertise than the Viking?
That's why blades evolved, historically, to adapt to changes in armor.
The fact remains that chainmail is a very effective counter to the Katana's advantages.
This is very true, however it may be noted that chainmail as a major component was never popular in Japanese armour. The very simple reason for this is that the Katana was simply not a weapon expected to go up against in an armoured battlefield-type scenario, for that the most common weapon during the Sengoku Jidai was the simple su-yari (straight spear).
The adaptation in armour to go against this was to remove a lot of the lacing of the older styles of armour and go for a more plain plate-style form, as the laces would catch the spear tip, leaving the armoured guy vulnerable to it's movements as the spear guy tried to pry it loose. The plate-based versions (okegawa do, do maru etc) allowed the spear tip to deflect to the side. Chain mail would be punctured by a weapon such as a su-yari, so to go against the Vikings chain-mail (that they showed), a more accurate weapon (historically) would have faired much better.
As has been mentioned earlier, the Japanese sword went through quite a lot of development over 1000 years of samurai history, and so did their armour and other weaponry. Again, without defining which period their "samurai" is from, this entire episode (and to my mind the entire premise of the whole series) is entirely moot, proves nothing, and is barely above Naruto for any form of realistic information. But that's me.
Chain mail would be punctured by a weapon such as a su-yari, so to go against the Vikings chain-mail (that they showed), a more accurate weapon (historically) would have faired much better.
Except for the fact that the Japanese spear is almost never thrown, instead the basis of Sojutsu is two-handed thrusting actions. That adds a lot of penetrating power to the weapon as there is a base for it to push back against, and as such it does go through chain mail quite well. Of course, this is assuming that the show would have gotten someone who understood the Japanese yari well enough to demonstrate that.... not a lot of hope.
Two of the most famous Sojutsu lineages still being taught are the Hozoin Ryu, who are famous for, amongst other things, their use of some of the more exotic spears, such as Jumonji (or Juji) Yari, a spear with two "cross" blades coming out at the base of the primary blade, and a Katakama Yari, a spear with a crescent-sickle shaped blade on one side, and a small spike on the other. These spears are about 9 feet long, typically, and a good clip of a demo for the Hozoin Ryu Takeda-ha is:
The other main system still around is the Owari Kan Ryu, famous for another type of Yari, a Kuda Yari (sleeve spear) which allows a very fast sliding action without losing your grip on the spear. Here they are:
You may notice that they are not thrown at any point (in fact, outside of a few Kukishinden high level kata, I haven't come across any examples of a Japanese spear being thrown, they're just too damn long, and besides, after you've thrown your weapon away, what do you do then?). Thown spears (like javelins) were shorter, lighter, and carried in groupings of three or more. But they weren't Japanese.
This is very true, however it may be noted that chainmail as a major component was never popular in Japanese armour. The very simple reason for this is that the Katana was simply not a weapon expected to go up against in an armoured battlefield-type scenario, for that the most common weapon during the Sengoku Jidai was the simple su-yari (straight spear).